Which term describes the effect that present has on future performance?

Which term describes the effect that present has on future performance?

• A. Proactive transfer
• B. Retroactive transfer
• C. Positive transfer
• D. Zero transfer

Answer: (A)

Proactive transfer describes how what you’ve learned previously or are currently practicing can help you perform better in future tasks. It’s about the forward effect of learning in time: skills, techniques, or strategies you acquire now or earlier improve your performance on later activities because they share elements or require similar processing. For example, mastering a specific footwork pattern in one sport can make it easier to learn a more complex drill later, since the fundamental movement control is already in place. This is different from retroactive transfer, where new learning affects how you perform tasks you learned earlier; positive transfer is a broader term for any beneficial transfer between tasks, and zero transfer means no effect at all.

Proactive transfer describes how what you’ve learned previously or are currently practicing can help you perform better in future tasks. It’s about the forward effect of learning in time: skills, techniques, or strategies you acquire now or earlier improve your performance on later activities because they share elements or require similar processing. For example, mastering a specific footwork pattern in one sport can make it easier to learn a more complex drill later, since the fundamental movement control is already in place.

This is different from retroactive transfer, where new learning affects how you perform tasks you learned earlier; positive transfer is a broader term for any beneficial transfer between tasks, and zero transfer means no effect at all.